What Is Epithelioid Mesothelioma?
Epithelioid mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the mesothelial cells lining the lungs, heart, and abdomen. This cancer is named after the cells it affects, which are called epithelioid cells.
Causes of Epithelioid Mesothelioma
Asbestos Exposure
Exposure to asbestos is the main cause of epithelioid mesothelioma. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was once commonly used in construction, insulation, and other industrial applications. When asbestos fibers are inhaled, they can become lodged in the mesothelium, leading to inflammation and eventually cancer.
Other Risk Factors
Other factors that can increase the risk of developing epithelioid mesothelioma include smoking, exposure to radiation, and a family history of mesothelioma or other cancers.
Symptoms of Epithelioid Mesothelioma
Respiratory Symptoms
Coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain are common symptoms of epithelioid mesothelioma that affects the lungs.
Abdominal Symptoms
If the cancer affects the lining of the abdomen, symptoms can include abdominal pain, bloating, and swelling.
Other Symptoms
Other symptoms of epithelioid mesothelioma can include fatigue, weight loss, and fever.
Diagnosis of Epithelioid Mesothelioma
Medical History and Physical Exam
A doctor will typically begin by taking a medical history and performing a physical exam to look for signs of mesothelioma, such as fluid buildup in the lungs or abdomen.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans may be used to further evaluate the area of concern and look for signs of cancer.
Tissue Biopsy
A tissue biopsy is the only way to definitively diagnose epithelioid mesothelioma. A sample of tissue is taken and examined under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
Treatment of Epithelioid Mesothelioma
Surgery
Surgery may be used to remove the cancerous tissue, especially if it is caught early. This can involve removing part of the lung or other affected organ.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves using drugs to kill cancer cells. This may be used before surgery to shrink the tumor, or after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. It may be used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy.
FAQ
What is the prognosis for epithelioid mesothelioma?
The prognosis for epithelioid mesothelioma depends on several factors, including the stage of the cancer and the overall health of the patient. However, early detection and treatment can improve the chances of survival.
Is epithelioid mesothelioma always caused by asbestos?
While asbestos exposure is the primary cause of epithelioid mesothelioma, it is possible for the cancer to develop due to other factors.
Can epithelioid mesothelioma be cured?
There is currently no cure for epithelioid mesothelioma, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Is epithelioid mesothelioma hereditary?
While there may be a genetic component to mesothelioma risk, it is generally not considered a hereditary cancer.
Can epithelioid mesothelioma be prevented?
Avoiding exposure to asbestos is the best way to prevent epithelioid mesothelioma.
How long does it take for epithelioid mesothelioma to develop?
The latency period for epithelioid mesothelioma can be anywhere from 20 to 50 years after asbestos exposure.
What is the difference between epithelioid mesothelioma and other types of mesothelioma?
Epithelioid mesothelioma is the most common subtype of mesothelioma, and tends to have a better prognosis than other subtypes such as sarcomatoid or biphasic mesothelioma.
Are there any experimental treatments for epithelioid mesothelioma?
There are ongoing clinical trials for new treatments for mesothelioma, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
Pros
The primary benefit of treating epithelioid mesothelioma is improved quality of life for the patient. Treatment can help manage symptoms and prolong survival.
Tips
If you have been exposed to asbestos, it is important to get regular checkups and let your doctor know about your exposure history.
Summary
Epithelioid mesothelioma is a type of cancer that affects the mesothelial cells lining the lungs, heart, and abdomen. It is caused by exposure to asbestos, and symptoms can include respiratory or abdominal symptoms. Diagnosis involves medical history, imaging tests, and tissue biopsy. Treatment may involve surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. While there is no cure for epithelioid mesothelioma, early detection and treatment can improve the chances of survival.
